Uganda’s Controversial Anti-Homosexuality Act 2023 Sparks International Outrage and Calls for Repeal

Uganda’s president has enacted legislation that imposes the death penalty and prison terms of up to 14 years for individuals involved in “aggravated homosexuality,” which has generated extensive criticism.

President Yoweri Museveni has signed the revised bill, which does not criminalize LGBTQ individuals, but instead imposes the death penalty for acts of “aggravated homosexuality.” The term “aggravated homosexuality” is defined as engaging in sexual relations with HIV-infected individuals, minors, and other vulnerable individuals.

Supporters of the Uganda Anti-Homosexuality Act 2023 put forward the following arguments:

1. Asuman Basalirwa, the sponsor of the legislation, believes that the law reflects Uganda’s sovereignty and aligns with the cultural values of the country. He suggests that any potential loss of international aid resulting from the enactment of the law can be mitigated by seeking donor support from countries in the Arab world such as Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates. Basalirwa expresses his willingness to explore alternative sources of funding to compensate for any financial deficit caused by aid cuts.
2. Anita Among, the speaker of Uganda’s Parliament, contends that the bill is necessary to protect the integrity of the family. Among asserts that the Parliament has taken into account the concerns expressed by the people of Uganda and enacted legislation to safeguard the sanctity of the family. She emphasizes the Parliament’s commitment to defending the culture, values, and aspirations of the Ugandan people.
3. Archbishop Stephen Samuel Kaziimba Mugalu of the Church of Uganda welcomes the bill, citing its alignment with existing provisions of the criminal code and its aim to provide stronger protection for minors. Mugalu also argues that homosexuality does not align with Ugandan culture or religious beliefs, implying that the legislation serves to uphold these cultural and religious values.

Critics of the Uganda Anti-Homosexuality Act 2023 raise the following points:

1. LGBTQ rights activists argue that the new legislation is unnecessary since Uganda already imposes severe penalties for homosexuality. They contend that the existing laws are already harsh and punitive, and the addition of this new regulation further exacerbates the discrimination and persecution faced by LGBTQ individuals.
2. International organizations, including the United Nations AIDS programme, the United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, and the Global Fund, express concerns about the public health implications and the impact on the HIV response in Uganda. In a joint statement, they highlight that the enactment of the Anti-Homosexuality Act 2023 will hinder health education and outreach efforts that are crucial in combating HIV/AIDS. They further note that the stigma and discrimination associated with the law have already resulted in reduced access to prevention and treatment services for LGBTQ individuals.
3. There is a global outcry for the immediate repeal of the law. U.S. President Joe Biden has joined in this call, stating that he stands with people worldwide, including many in Uganda, in urging the law’s immediate repeal. He emphasizes that no one should have to live in constant fear for their life or endure violence and discrimination. President Biden also hints at the possibility of imposing sanctions and restrictions as a response to the enactment of this law.